Stanley hand planes are cherished tools in the woodworking community, recognized for their quality and craftsmanship. Dating these planes can provide valuable insight into their history, function, and value. This article will guide you through the process of dating Stanley hand planes.
Understanding the Evolution of Stanley Hand Planes
Stanley Rule and Level Company was founded in 1843, and over the years, it has produced a variety of hand planes. Each period in the company’s history brought changes in design, manufacturing techniques, and materials. Understanding these changes is crucial to dating a Stanley hand plane.
Key Design Features
-
Early Models (Pre-1900)
- These models typically feature wooden bodies and simple lever caps.
- Early planes often lack a frog adjustment mechanism.
-
Transition Models (1900-1940)
- This period saw the introduction of cast iron bodies.
- Type Study: Many enthusiasts utilize type studies to identify planes from this era based on specific characteristics such as lever cap designs and tote shapes.
-
Post-War Models (1940-Present)
- Post-war planes often have a more streamlined design and improved materials.
- This period also saw the introduction of unique model numbers.
Markings and Stamps
Identifying the Maker’s Mark
Stanley planes typically feature a variety of markings that can help date them. The following points are significant:
-
The Stanley Logo: Early models may have “Stanley” cast into the iron, while later ones often have the distinctive "STANLEY" in script.
-
Patent Dates: Many planes include patent dates, which can provide a clear timeline of when they were manufactured.
-
Type Study Reference: The identification of types is often based on subtle differences in the logo and other markings, making it essential to consult detailed reference guides or websites dedicated to Stanley planes.
General Dating Guidelines
-
Check for Patents: Look for any stamped patent dates on the tool. This information can quickly narrow down the timeframe.
-
Examine the Parts: Different parts of the plane (such as the frog, lever cap, and tote) have distinct shapes and materials that can change over time. Collectors should familiarize themselves with these features.
-
Look for the Model Number: Stanley planes are often designated with model numbers (like No. 4, No. 5, etc.), which can help date the plane's production era.
Resources for Further Research
-
Type Study Guides: Many woodworking enthusiasts have published type studies that illustrate various models, their characteristics, and the years they were produced.
-
Forums and Community Groups: Online forums can provide advice from seasoned collectors who can assist in dating specific planes based on individual characteristics.
Conclusion
Dating Stanley hand planes is an enjoyable endeavor that connects woodworkers with the rich history of toolmaking. By examining design features, identifying markings, and utilizing community resources, one can uncover the story behind each plane. Whether you’re a collector, user, or simply an enthusiast, understanding the timeline of these iconic tools can enhance your appreciation and usage of them.